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    <p>Hi Jeff,</p>
    <p>Have you downloaded our AWIPS bundles from RAC to compare the
      precip sources? Here is the RAC Procedures Download Page (note you
      can find this on AWIPS by doing a manual AIR search for rac using
      the right click on any CAVE text legend):</p>
    <p><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://vlab.ncep.noaa.gov/web/wdtd/racproc">https://vlab.ncep.noaa.gov/web/wdtd/racproc</a><br>
    </p>
    <p> We have a methodology for quickly assessing differences in
      precip type for choosing the best precip source and identifying
      things like melting hail contamination that causes high biases in
      Dual Pol QPE. A difference like this will stick out like a sore
      thumb in the instantaneous rate six panel (see image below). You
      should be able to see how the rates compare to Legacy and Dual Pol
      and see if there is anything unusual in the patterns of surface
      precip type. Most likely it is triggering the tropical convective
      if it is overestimating. Watch for temporal continuity in SPT
      during the period of heaviest rainfall and see if it is missing
      any hail signals in the base data.<br>
    </p>
    <p>I've been looking at a number of heavy rainfall events throughout
      the country for our flash flood training development, and my
      perception is that MRMS tends to perform a little better than Dual
      Pol which performs a bit better than Legacy most of the time but
      it varies by environment/season and can change during an event, so
      we recommend starting each event assessing if you have any
      significant differences between sources and choosing a source that
      looks to be the most reasonable to start with. Then spot check
      your precip sources routinely during an event to see who is doing
      best where it matters most. MRMS typically shines in hail
      contamination events because its rate cap is 2"/hr for hail which
      usually lowers MRMS estimates significantly (which is fine until
      you have heavy rainfall rates &gt;2"/hr with hail). MRMS
      overestimates like your case are usually tropical convective SPT
      when it shouldn't be or MRMS not identifying hail.<br>
    </p>
    <p>Differences of 10-25% are common among all our operational precip
      sources, and I routinely find differences of 50% or larger at
      times during heavy rainfall. The biases can sometimes vary
      spatially and temporally in an event (and during the seasons) for
      all precip sources, so we preach using all of your observations
      and giving more weight to those in the strongest cores for flash
      flood warnings, and only use the mean field bias corrections or
      the MRMS spatially varying corrections as a first guess. Also pay
      extra attention to MRMS biases because those biases will propagate
      to the FLASH streamflows.<br>
    </p>
    <p>Accurate QPE is still a challenge for all of today's algorithms,
      and those who rely too heavily on the precip source that worked in
      the previous event are going to be susceptible to unpleasant
      surprises (I see that a lot actually with many offices). Maybe we
      will have more consistent separation for MRMS when it starts using
      Dual Pol variables in one of the next versions, but I foresee the
      best warning performance coming from carefully selecting and
      re-assessing your precip source and blending that with the new
      streamflow products. <br>
    </p>
    <p>At least the MRMS overestimates out west should be addressed now
      that 11.5 has allowed continental ZRs instead of just tropical ZR
      for heavy rainfall. Feel free to share some of your MRMS screen
      captures with me offline, as I enjoy the challenge of quickly
      getting to the bottom line for the differences in QPE.<br>
    </p>
    <p><img src="cid:part1.F106DD39.F8AD5AA4@noaa.gov" alt=""></p>
    <p>Mike<br>
    </p>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 6/22/2018 12:55 PM, Jeffrey Hovis -
      NOAA Federal wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:LYRIS-21262-562610-2018.06.22-13.56.12--Michael.A.Magsig%23noaa.gov@infolist.nws.noaa.gov">
      <div dir="ltr">All,
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>I want to thank everyone for answering.  It did answer some
          of my questions.  I am going to read through everything and
          see where</div>
        <div>I go with any additional questions.</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>Jeff</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div> </div>
        <div class="gmail_extra">
          <br>
          <div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Jun 22, 2018 at 10:54 AM,
            Joseph Moore - NOAA Federal <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a
                href="mailto:joseph.moore@noaa.gov" target="_blank"
                moz-do-not-send="true">joseph.moore@noaa.gov</a>&gt;</span>
            wrote:<br>
            <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
              .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
              <div dir="ltr">
                <div>Jeffery, I'll definitely agree with you that for
                  where the most precip fell, MRMS was on the hot side
                  (mrms-radar-only.PNG). The gauge-adjusted product
                  doesn't seem to have really changed much of that
                  (mrms-gauge-adj.PNG), though looking at the diagnostic
                  provided by MRMS (the <i>Gauge Influence Index</i>,
                  viewable on MRMS Op Product Viewer site) there doesn't
                  appear to be <i>any </i>gauge correction going on
                  anywhere right now or in the past 24 hours for any
                  precip accumulation timeframe. (<b>I think the issue
                    of no gauge adjustment happening is an actual
                    problem with MRMS, so I'm looping the MRMS Users
                    email list on this thread</b>.)<br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Compared to the RLX radar (STA, STA-hires, and STP
                  images), the MRMS data certainly has a broader area of
                  3"+ and a fairly broad area of 4"+ compared to the
                  legacy and dual-pol estimates. So even compared to
                  other precip estimates, MRMS seems on the high side.
                  Why the MRMS estimates are running too hot? As I said
                  in my first message, it is probably a case of
                  mis-classification of the type of rainfall occurring -
                  maybe using the tropical algorithm when it should be
                  using a standard convection one. Looking through the
                  Reflectivity Cube (see the Op Product Viewer), during
                  the most intense parts of the rain yesterday MRMS
                  certainly seems to have ingested your radar and
                  surrounding radars correctly with no gross errors
                  obvious to me. The MRMS Ops folks on the Users
                  listserv may be able to diagnose what's going on in
                  this case better than I can.</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>We can't expect MRMS to be perfect, just like we
                  know the radar-based legacy and dual-pol estimates are
                  going to have errors for various reasons. For what
                  it's worth, on our recent heavy rainfall event last
                  weekend MRMS absolutely <i>nailed </i>the precip
                  estimation with no strong high or low bias - it got
                  the maximum amounts just about as spot-on as you can
                  expect... and that was with our primary radar down!
                  (MPX's radar provided sufficient radar data to help
                  fill in the gap to our radar being down, but at a
                  higher elevation than DLH would have been scanning if
                  it were up.) <br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>If there is a noticeable problem with MRMS data,
                  this should be reported to the MRMS/NCEP folks so they
                  can investigate (I think <i><a
                      href="mailto:ncep.list.idp.mrms.users@noaa.gov"
                      target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">ncep.list.idp.mrms.users@noaa.<wbr>gov</a></i>
                  is the best choice but someone else chime in there's a
                  better option!)</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>-Joe<br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>MRMS Op Product Viewer: <a
                    href="https://mrms.nssl.noaa.gov/qvs/product_viewer.php"
                    target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">https://mrms.nssl.noaa.gov/qvs<wbr>/product_viewer.php</a></div>
                <div>WRH Wx and Hazard Viewer: <a
                    href="https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/" target="_blank"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/</a></div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div class="gmail_extra"><br>
                <div class="gmail_quote"><span class="">On Fri, Jun 22,
                    2018 at 9:19 AM, Timothy Humphrey - NOAA Federal <span
                      dir="ltr">&lt;<a
                        href="mailto:timothy.humphrey@noaa.gov"
                        target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">timothy.humphrey@noaa.gov</a>&gt;</span>
                    wrote:<br>
                  </span>
                  <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
                    .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span
                      class="">
                      <div dir="ltr">Over the past several days here at
                        the Lake Charles office, we also noticed that
                        the MRMS-QPE Radar only was running quite hot
                        compared to our individual radars' estimates and
                        surface observations. Comparing this morning's
                        12Z 72 hour MRMS estimates to a variety of
                        observation sites including ASOS/ALERT/COOP
                        confirmed this with a few comparisons listed
                        below:
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                        <div>JYDT2: 7.91"  MRMS: 10.33"</div>
                        <div>JYET2: 7.76"  MRMS: 13.18"<br>
                          <div>JYGT2: 6.38"  MRMS: 7.48"</div>
                          <div>KBPT:  5.79"  MRMS: 8.11"</div>
                          <div>ORNT2: 4.91" MRMS: 6.06"</div>
                          <div><br>
                          </div>
                          <div>Based on our experience, the QPE-Radar
                            Only seemed that it was running much hotter
                            compared to previous events and we were also
                            curious what might have been causing such a
                            large difference. Our concern is that these
                            large differences could result in derived
                            FLASH products being less reliable for
                            warning decision making.<br>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </span>
                    <div class="gmail_extra">
                      <div>
                        <div class="h5">
                          <div>
                            <div class="m_-251700852220942345h5"><br>
                              <div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Jun 22,
                                2018 at 8:54 AM, Jeffrey Hovis - NOAA
                                Federal <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a
                                    href="mailto:jeffrey.hovis@noaa.gov"
                                    target="_blank"
                                    moz-do-not-send="true">jeffrey.hovis@noaa.gov</a>&gt;</span>
                                wrote:<br>
                                <blockquote class="gmail_quote"
                                  style="margin:0 0 0
                                  .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc
                                  solid;padding-left:1ex">
                                  <div dir="ltr">Jack,
                                    <div><br>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>It was approximately 10 miles
                                      from the area of heaviest rainfall
                                      to the radar site (RLX) .  As you
                                      indicated, COOPS are not included
                                      in the MRMS data.</div>
                                    <div><br>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>I just wanted to see what might
                                      have caused the large difference
                                      in rainfall amounts.  </div>
                                    <div><br>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>We issued a Flash Flood Warning
                                      based on the MRMS data.  It was a
                                      good warning as we did have lots
                                      of flash flooding reports. </div>
                                    <div><br>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>Jeff</div>
                                    <div>
                                      <div
                                        class="m_-251700852220942345m_7024192615613847659h5">
                                        <div><br>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="gmail_extra">
                                          <div class="gmail_quote">On
                                            Fri, Jun 22, 2018 at 9:42
                                            AM, Jack Settelmaier - NOAA
                                            Federal <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a
href="mailto:jack.settelmaier@noaa.gov" target="_blank"
                                                moz-do-not-send="true">jack.settelmaier@noaa.gov</a>&gt;</span>
                                            wrote:<br>
                                            <blockquote
                                              class="gmail_quote"
                                              style="margin:0 0 0
                                              .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc
                                              solid;padding-left:1ex">
                                              <div dir="ltr">I may be
                                                mistaken, but I'm
                                                guessing MRMS does not
                                                use COOP data in its
                                                algorithms, as it's more
                                                real-time (not QCd too
                                                much) and mostly just
                                                uses radar data.  How
                                                far from the nearest
                                                radar was the site?
                                                <div><br>
                                                </div>
                                                <div><a
                                                    href="https://training.weather.gov/wdtd/courses/MRMS/index.php"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">https://training.weather.gov/w<wbr>dtd/courses/MRMS/index.php</a> 
                                                   </div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div class="gmail_extra">
                                                <div>
                                                  <div
class="m_-251700852220942345m_7024192615613847659m_-4156293075502595429h5"><br>
                                                    <div
                                                      class="gmail_quote">On
                                                      Fri, Jun 22, 2018
                                                      at 8:10 AM,
                                                      Jeffrey Hovis -
                                                      NOAA Federal <span
                                                        dir="ltr">&lt;<a
href="mailto:jeffrey.hovis@noaa.gov" target="_blank"
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true">jeffrey.hovis@noaa.gov</a>&gt;</span>
                                                      wrote:<br>
                                                      <blockquote
                                                        class="gmail_quote"
                                                        style="margin:0
                                                        0 0
                                                        .8ex;border-left:1px
                                                        #ccc
                                                        solid;padding-left:1ex">
                                                        <div dir="ltr">All,
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>I just
                                                          wanted to give
                                                          you an
                                                          update.  When
                                                          I came into
                                                          the office
                                                          this morning,
                                                          I checked the
                                                          MRMS 24 hour
                                                          QPE amount
                                                          against our
                                                          COOPs,  We had
                                                          a COOP that
                                                          was located in
                                                          the area of
                                                          heavy rain. 
                                                          MRMS indicated
                                                          that rainfall
                                                          amounts
                                                          between 3.54
                                                          and 5.11
                                                          inches near
                                                          the location
                                                          of our COOP. 
                                                          Our COOP
                                                          actually
                                                          reported 2.20
                                                          inches of
                                                          rain.</div>
                                                          <div>This is a
                                                          very big
                                                          difference.<br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>There was
                                                          Flash Flooding
                                                          in the area. 
                                                          However if the
                                                          MRMS data had
                                                          verified, the
                                                          flooding would
                                                          likely have
                                                          been much
                                                          worse.</div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>Jeff  </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          class="gmail_extra"> <br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <div
                                                          class="gmail_quote">On
                                                          Thu, Jun 21,
                                                          2018 at 3:23
                                                          PM, Jeffrey S.
                                                          Hovis <span
                                                          dir="ltr">&lt;<a
href="mailto:jeffrey.hovis@noaa.gov" target="_blank"
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true">jeffrey.hovis@noaa.gov</a>&gt;</span>
                                                          wrote:<br>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          class="gmail_quote"
style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">All,<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          We are
                                                          currently
                                                          experiencing
                                                          an area of
                                                          heavy rain
                                                          north of our
                                                          office.  The
                                                          MRMS QPE-Radar
                                                          Only product
                                                          is indicating
                                                          as much as
                                                          3.42 inches of
                                                          rain had
                                                          fallen over a
                                                          location in
                                                          the past 3
                                                          hours. 
                                                          However, none
                                                          of the
                                                          surrounding
                                                          radars are
                                                          indicating
                                                          that much rain
                                                          has fallen. 
                                                          In fact, the
                                                          highest 3 hour
                                                          rainfall
                                                          amount based
                                                          on radar that
                                                          I have found
                                                          is closer to
                                                          2.5 inches.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          What could be
                                                          causing this
                                                          difference
                                                          between these
                                                          two products?<br>
                                                          <span
class="m_-251700852220942345m_7024192615613847659m_-4156293075502595429m_-3672412057387341659m_-8035783454247603723m_7772369388418594077HOEnZb"><font
color="#888888"><br>
                                                          Jeffrey Hovis 
                                                          <br>
                                                          </font></span></blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <br>
                                                          </div>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </blockquote>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <br>
                                                    <br clear="all">
                                                    <div><br>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                                <span
class="m_-251700852220942345m_7024192615613847659m_-4156293075502595429HOEnZb"><font
                                                    color="#888888">-- <br>
                                                    <div
class="m_-251700852220942345m_7024192615613847659m_-4156293075502595429m_-3672412057387341659gmail_signature"
data-smartmail="gmail_signature">
                                                      <div dir="ltr">
                                                        <div
                                                          style="font-size:small">Jack
                                                          Settelmaier</div>
                                                        <div
                                                          style="font-size:small">Digital
                                                          Techniques
                                                          Meteorologist</div>
                                                        <div
                                                          style="font-size:small">NOAA/NWS,
                                                          Southern
                                                          Region HQ</div>
                                                        <div
                                                          style="font-size:small">Fort
                                                          Worth, TX </div>
                                                        <div
                                                          style="font-size:small">Work:
                                                          682 703 3685</div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </font></span></div>
                                            </blockquote>
                                          </div>
                                          <br>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                              </div>
                              <br>
                              <br clear="all">
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <span class=""><span
                          class="m_-251700852220942345HOEnZb"><font
                            color="#888888">-- <br>
                            <div
                              class="m_-251700852220942345m_7024192615613847659gmail_signature"
                              data-smartmail="gmail_signature">
                              <div dir="ltr">
                                <div>
                                  <div dir="ltr">
                                    <div dir="ltr">
                                      <div dir="ltr">
                                        <div dir="ltr">
                                          <div dir="ltr">
                                            <div dir="ltr">
                                              <div dir="ltr">
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px"><font
face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Tim Humphrey</font></div>
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px"><font
face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                                                    Meteorologist</font></div>
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px"><font
face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif">National Weather Service</font></div>
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px"><font
face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Lake Charles, Louisiana</font></div>
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px"><font
face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif">337.477.5285<br>
                                                  </font></div>
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px"><br>
                                                </div>
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px">Follow
                                                  us on <a
                                                    href="http://www.facebook.com/NWSLakeCharles"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">Facebook</a>,
                                                  <a
                                                    href="http://www.twitter.com/NWSLakeCharles"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">Twitter</a>
                                                  and <a
                                                    href="http://www.youtube.com/user/NWSLakeCharles"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">Youtube</a></div>
                                                <div
                                                  style="margin-left:40px"><br>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </font></span></span></div>
                  </blockquote>
                </div>
                <br>
                <br clear="all">
                <span class=""><br>
                  -- <br>
                  <div class="m_-251700852220942345gmail_signature"
                    data-smartmail="gmail_signature">
                    <div dir="ltr">
                      <div>
                        <div dir="ltr">
                          <div>
                            <div dir="ltr">
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                                  <div>
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                                          <div>
                                            <div dir="ltr">
                                              <div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <div><b>Joseph J.
                                                      Moore</b><br>
                                                  </div>
                                                  Meteorologist | WFO
                                                  Duluth Social Media
                                                  &amp; IDSS Program
                                                  Leader | Open Source
                                                  GIS Evangelist <br>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>NOAA/National
                                                  Weather Service
                                                  Duluth, MN<br>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </span></div>
            </blockquote>
          </div>
          <br>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Michael A. Magsig - KD5YKJ
Meteorologist Instructor
Warning Decision Training Division
120 David L. Boren Blvd, Suite 2640, Norman, Oklahoma, 73072
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Michael.A.Magsig@noaa.gov">Michael.A.Magsig@noaa.gov</a>  Phone:(405)-325-2995  Fax:(405)-325-3203 </pre>
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